Definition of the
CIDOC

object-oriented
Conceptual Reference Model

and

Crossreference Manual

This page is the preface page of Definition of CIDOC object-oriented Conceptual Reference Model and Crossreference Manual

Contents:

Preface to version 3.3.2

The present version of the CIDOC CRM incorporates a series of amendments to version 3.2.1, submitted to ISO and currently under vote as Committee Draft of ISO/AWI 21127. These amendments were the result of a systematic exploration of the requirements for the intended scope of the CIDOC CRM as decided in summer 2001. This includes in particular documentation in Natural History, archaeology and the ability to communicate with traditional and Digital Libraries. These amendments have been developed and approved by the CIDOC CRM Special Interest Group, ISO/TC46/SC4/WG9 in a series of meetings together with various invited experts in the period from July 2001 to July 2002.

With this version, the cycle of amendments to extend the functionality of the CIDOC CRM ends. The development team felt that the task to cover the intended scope as outlined in July 2001 and the general functionality required by members of the team up to now has been successfully fulfilled. Besides finalizing property scope notes, further amendments may only occur to correct problems of internal consistency not detected so far.  Therefore, the modelling constructs of the CIDOC CRM are expected to undergo minimal changes from this version until the final International Standard.

With this version, we change the format of the Definition of the CIDOC CRM. We present:

1.        A general introduction to the model (as before)

2.        The hierarchy of entities as an indented list (as before)

3.        The hierarchy of properties as an indented list

4.        The definition of each entity

5.        The definition of each property.

We took out all cross-reference information, i.e. inherited properties, direct and inherited inverse references of properties at the range entity, as well as the indices to properties, alphabetically, by range and by domain. So this document remains the pure definition, whereas the full cross-referenced text will appear as an additional hypertext document, which will be semi-automatically generated. The reason for this change are: (1) the size of the cross-referenced document exceeds what one would normally print in one document. (2) the cross-referencing does not contribute to the definition. (3) Translators of the document are forced to manually trace the consistency of the cross-referencing, a nearly impossible task. The cross-referenced document is of course the only one, that allows for fully understanding the model by reading and for using it in conceptual modelling.

We further removed the references to the metamodel under which the CIDOC CRM was initially developed. Even though the use of this metamodel has contributed a lot to the rigidity of developing the CIDOC CRM, it seems to be of minor importance for the use of the Model itself. Moreover it needs reworking, and metamodelling is still not a standard procedure in conceptual modelling. Therefore the development team decided not to make it a part of the standard to become.

We present in the following the amendment history from version 3.2.1 on. This, together with the meeting minutes and the “issues list” on the CIDOC CRM home page, allows for tracing the correctness of this document with respect to the decisions of the development team.

Amendments of version 3.3

In the Second Joined Meeting of ISO/TC46/SC4/WG9 and CIDOC CRM SIG the following has been decided: 3, new entities and 14 new properties have been declared, domain of 3 properties and range of 2 properties was changed and 1 property renamed

1) New Entities and their properties

E78 Collection is curated by (curates): Actor

E79 Part Addition added to (was augmented by): Physical Man-Made Stuff

E79 Part Addition added (was added by): Physical Stuff

E80 Part Removal removed from (was diminished by): Physical Man-Made Stuff

E80 Part Removal removed (was removed by): Physical Stuff

2) New properties

E2 Temporal Entity. removed (was removed by): Temporal Entity

E2 Temporal Entity. equal in time: Temporal Entity

E2 Temporal Entity. finishes (finished-by): Temporal Entity

E2 Temporal Entity. starts (started-by): Temporal Entity

E2 Temporal Entity. during (includes): Temporal Entity

E2 Temporal Entity. overlaps in time (overlapped-by in time): Temporal Entity

E2 Temporal Entity. meets in time (met-by in time): Temporal Entity

E2 Temporal Entity. before (after): Temporal Entity

E53 Place overlaps. with: E53 Place

E53 Place borders. with: E53 Place

3) The Property:

                E19 Physical Object. has former or current location (is former or current location of): Place

has been redirected to:

                E18 Physical Stuff. has former or current location (is former or current location of): Place

4) The Property:

                E19 Physical Object. has current permanent location (is current permanent  location of): Place

has been redirected to:

                E18 Physical Stuff. has current permanent location (is current permanent  location of): Place

5) The Property:

                E19 Physical Object. has current location (currently holds): Place

has been redirected to:

                E18 Physical Stuff. has current location (currently holds): Place

6) The Property:

                E7 Activity. was motivation for (motivated): Conceptual Object

has been redirected to:

                E7 Activity. was motivation for (motivated): Man-Made Stuff

7) The Property:

                E7 Activity. motivated the creation of (was created for): Conceptual Object

has been redirected and changed to:

                E7 Activity. motivated the creation of (was created because of): Man-Made Stuff

8) The property “P33 used specific technique” was declared as subproperty of “P15 took into account”

9) The property “P111 added to” was declared as subproperty of “P31 has modified”

10) The property “P113 removed from” was declared as subproperty of “P31 has modified”

11) Scope note for Actors Hierarchy, Actor and Title have been revised.

12) Scope notes for properties have been added.

Amendments to version 3.3.1

In the 3rd joined meeting of the CIDOC Special Interest Group and ISO/TC46//SC4/WG9 the following have been decided: 1 new entity and 5 new properties have been declared, domain of 4 properties was changed and 1 property renamed, 1 entity has been deleted, 7 entities was renamed.

1) New Entity and its properties

E81 Transformation resulted in (was result on): Persistent Item

E81 Transformation transformed (was transformed by): Persistent Item

2) New properties

E7 Activity. used general object (was used for): Type

E11 Modification Event. employed (was employed by): Material

E55 Type. has broader term (has narrower term): Type

3) The Property:

                E19 Physical Object. has former or current keeper (is former or current keeper of): Actor

has been redirected to:

                E18 Physical Stuff. has former or current keeper (is former or current keeper of): Actor

4) The Property:

                E19 Physical Object. has keeper (is current keeper of): Actor

has been redirected to:

                E18 Physical Stuff. has keeper (is current keeper of): Actor

5) The Property:

                E19 Physical Object. has former or current owner (is former or current owner of): Actor

has been redirected to:

                E18 Physical Stuff. has former or current owner (is former or current owner of): Actor

6) The Property:

                E19 Physical Object. has owner (is current owner of): Actor

has been redirected to:

                E18 Physical Stuff. has owner (is current owner of): Actor

7) The Property:

                E7 Activity. used object (was used for): Physical Object

has been renamed to:

                E7 Activity. used specific object (was used for): Physical Object

8) The entity

E76 Gender and the property P61 has gender

have been deleted

9) 7 entities has been renamed:

E8 Acquisition

E8 Acquisition Event

E11 Modification

E11 Modification Event

E12 Production

E12 Production Event

E16 Measurement

E16 Measurement Event

E65 Conceptual Creation

E65 Creation Event

E66 Formation

E66 Formation Event

E77 Existence

E77 Persistent Item


Amendments of version 3.3.2

In the 3th joined meeting of the CIDOC Special Interest Group and ISO/TC46//SC4/WG9 the following have been decided: 2 new entities and 12 new properties have been declared, 1 entity has been renamed, domain of 4 properties was changed, range of 8 properties was changed, 6 properties renamed, 7 properties has been deleted.

1) New Entities:

E82 Actor Appellation.

It was declared as subclass of E41 Appellation

E83 Type Creation.

It was declared as subclass of E65 Creation Event

2) New properties:

E23 Information Carrier. P128 is carried of (is materialized by): E73 Information Object

E73 Information Object. P129 is about (is subject of): E1 CRM Entity

It was declared as subproperty of

E28 Conceptual Object. P67 refers to (is referred to by): E1 CRM Entity

E70 Stuff. P130 shows features of (features are also found on): E70 Stuff

                                (kind of similarity: Type)

It was declared as superproperty of

E33 Linguistic Object. P73 has translation (is translation of): E33 Linguistic Object

E39 Actor. P131 is identified by (identifies): E82 Actor Appellation,

It was declared as subproperty of

E1 CRM Entity. P1 is identified by (identifies): E41 Appellation

E4 Period. P132 overlaps with: E4 Period

E4 Period. P133 is separated from: E4 Period

E7 Activity. P134 continued (was continued by): E7 Activity

It was declared as subproperty of

E7 Activity. P15 (was influenced by (influenced): E7 Activity

E83 Type Creation. P135 created type (was created by): E55 Type.

It was declared as subproperty of

E65 Creation Event. P94 has created (was created by): E28 Conceptual Object

E83 Type Creation. P136 was based on (supported type creation): E1 CRM Entity

(in the taxonomic role: E55 Type)

It was declared as subproperty of

E7 Activity. P15 was influenced by (influenced): E1 CRM Entity.

E55 Type. P137 is exemplified by (exemplifies): E1 CRM Entity

                                                (in the taxonomic role: E55 Type)

E36 Visual Item. P138 visualizes (has visualization): E1 CRM Entity,

It was declared as subpropertry of

E28 Conceptual Object. P67 refer to (is referred to by): E1 CRM Entity

E41 Appellation. P139 also represented by: E41 Appellation

3) The entity E23 Iconographic Object has been renamed to E23 Information Carrier

4) The domain of the following properties was changed:

The property:

E18 Physical Stuff. P43 has dimension (is dimension of): E54 Dimension

has been redirected to:

E70 Stuff. P43 has dimension (is dimension of): E54 Dimension.

The property:

E28 Conceptual Object. P67 refers to (is referred to by): E1 CRM Entity

has been redirected to:

E73 Information Object. P67 refers to (is referred to by): E1 CRM Entity

The property:

E18 Physical Stuff. P54 has current permanent location (is current permanent location of): E53 Place

has been redirected to:

E19 Physical Object. P54 has current permanent location (is current permanent location of): E53 Place

The property:

E18 Physical Stuff. P55 has current location (currently holds): E53 Place

has been redirected to:

E19 Physical Object. P55 has current location (currently holds): E53 Place

5) The ranges of the following properties were changed:

The property:

E16 Measurement Event. P39 measured (was measured by): E18 Physical Stuff

has been redirected to:

E16 Measurement Event. P39 measured (was measured by): E70 Stuff

The property:

E7 Activity. P16 used specific object (was used for): E19 Physical Object

has been redirected to:

E7 Activity. P16 used specific object (was used for): E70 Stuff

The property:

E8 Acquisition Event. P24 transferred title of (changed ownership by): E19 Physical Object

has been redirected to:

E8 Acquisition Event. P24 transferred title of (changed ownership by): E18 Physical Stuff

The property:

E5 Event. P12 occurred in the presence of (was present at): E70 Stuff

has been redirected to:

E5 Event. P12 occurred in the presence of (was present at): E77 Persistent Item

The property:

E7 Activity. P16 used specific object (was used for): E19 Physical Object

has been redirected to:

E7 Activity. P16 used specific object (was used for): E70 Stuff

7) The property:

E7 Activity. P15 took into account (was taken into account by): E77 Persistent Item

has been renamed and redirected to:

E7 Activity. P15 was influenced by (influenced): E1 CRM Entity

8) The property:

E7 Activity. P17 was motivation for (motivated): E71 Man-Made Stuff

has been renamed and redirected to:

E7 Activity. P17 was motivated by (motivated): E1 CRM Entity

9) The property:

E24 Physical Man-Made Stuff. P62 depicts object (is depicted by): E18 Physical Stuff

has been renamed and redirected to:

E24 Physical Man-Made Stuff. P62 depicts (is depicted by): E1 CRM Entity

10) The property:

E74 Group. P107 had member (was member of): E39 Actor

has been renamed to :

E74 Group. P107 has current or former member (is current or former member of): E39 Actor

11) The property:

E52 Time-Span. P81 at least covering: E61 Time Primitive

has been renamed to :

E52 Time-Span. P81 ongoing throughout: E61 Time Primitive

12) The property:

E52 Time-Span. P82 at most within: E61 Time Primitive

has been renamed to :

E52 Time-Span. P82 at some time within: E61 Time Primitive

13) The following properties was deleted:

E3 Condition State. P6 falls within (contains): E3 Condition State

E7 Activity. P18 motivated the creation of (was created because of): E71 Man-Made Stuff

E21 Person. P60 is member of: E40 Legal Body

E24 Physical Man-Made Stuff. P63 depicts event (is depicted by):E5 Event

E24 Physical Man-Made Stuff. P64 depicts concept (is depicted by):E55 Type

E28 Conceptual Object. P66 refer to concept (is referred to by): E55 Type

E52 Time-Span. P85 consists of (forms part of): E52 Time-Span

14) The property:

E5 Event. P11 had participants (participated in): E39 Actor

has been renamed to :

E5 Event. P11 had participant (participated in): E39 Actor

15) The property:

E7 Activity. P21 had as general purpose (was purpose of): E55 Type

has been renamed to :

E7 Activity. P21 had general purpose (was purpose of): E55 Type

16) The property:

                E9 Move. P26 moved to (occupied): E53 Place

has been renamed to :

E9 Move. P26 moved to (was destination of): E53 Place

17) The property:

                E9 Move. P27 moved from (vacated): E53 Place

has been renamed to :

E9 Move. P26 moved from (was origin of): E53 Place

18) The property:

                E15 Identifier Assignment. P37 assigns (is assigned by): E42 Object identifier

has been renamed to :

                E15 Identifier Assignment. P37 assigned (was assigned by): E42 Object identifier

19) The property:

                E15 Identifier Assignment. P38 deassigns (is deassigned by): E42 Object identifier

has been renamed to :

                E15 Identifier Assignment. P38 deassigned (was deassigned by): E42 Object identifier

20) The property:

                E19 Physical Object. P48 preferred identifier is (is preferred identifier of): E42 Object identifier

has been renamed to :

                E19 Physical Object. P48 has preferred identifier (is preferred identifier of): E42 Object identifier

21) The property:

                E32 Authority Document. P71 contains (is part of): E55 Type

has been renamed to :

                E32 Authority Document. P71 lists (is listed in): E55 Type

21) The property:

                E39 Actor. P76 has contact points (provides access to): E51 Contact Point

has been renamed to :

                E39 Actor. P76 has contact point (provides access to): E51 Contact Point

22) The property:

                E52 Time-Span. P83 had at least duration: E54 Dimension

has been renamed to :

                E52 Time-Span. P83 had at least duration (was minimum duration of): E54 Dimension

23) The property:

                E52 Time-Span. P84 had at most duration: E54 Dimension

has been renamed to :

                E52 Time-Span. P84 had at most duration (was maximum duration of): E54 Dimension

24) The property:

                E54 Dimension. P90 value: E60 Number

has been renamed to :

                                E54 Dimension. P90 has value: E60 Number

25) The property:

P15 was influenced by (influenced)

was declared as superproperty of

                P16 used specific object (was used for)

                P17 was motivated by (motivated)

                P19 was intended use of (was made for)

                P20 had specific purpose (was purpose of)

                P134 continued (was continued by)

26) The property:

                P11 had participant (participated in)

was declared as subproperty of

                                P12 occurred in the presence of (was present at)

27) The entity

                E72 Legal Object was declared as subclass of E70 Stuff

28) The entity

                E55 Type was declared as subclass of  E28 Conceptual Object

29) All uses of the word “link” as synonym for “property” have been replaced by the term “property”

The following changes for internal consistency have been proposed, but they have not been decided in the Copenhagen meeting. They are incorporated in this document, in expectation of a positive decision:

1) The property:

                E40 Legal Body. consists of (belongs to): E40 Legal Body

was deleted (new issue 104).

2) The property

                P105.2 has note: E62 String

was deleted (new issue 106).

3) The property:

P33 used specific technique

was declared as subproperty of

                        P12 occurred in the presence of (was present at)