Definition of the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model and Crossreference Manual

E71 Man-Made Stuff. P102 has title (is title of)
E19 Physical Object. P47 is identified by (identifies)
E52 Time-Span. P78 is identified by (identifies)
E53 Place. P87 is identified by (identifies)
E39 Actor. P131 is identified by (identifies)

Range:

E41 Appellation

Superclass of:

Cardinality:

many;many

Scope Note:

This property describes the naming or identification of any real world item by a name or any other identifier. This property is intended for identifiers in general use, which form part of the world the model intends to describe, and not merely for internal database identifiers which are specific to a technical system, unless these latter also have a more general use outside the technical context. This property includes in particular identification by mathematical expressions such as coordinate systems used for the identification of places. The property does not reveal anything about when, where and by whom this identifier was used. A more detailed representation can be made using the fully developed (i.e. indirect) path through E15 Identifier Assignment.

Examples:

The capital of Italy (E53) is identified by Rome (E48)OrText 25014-32 (E33) is identified by "The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire" (E35)

P2 has type (is type of)

Domain:

Range:

Cardinality:

many;many

Scope Note:

This property allows sub typing of CRM entities - a form of specialisation - through the use of a terminological hierarchy, or thesaurus. The CRM is intended to focus on the high-level entities and relationships needed to describe data structures. Consequently, it does not specialise entities any further than is required for this immediate purpose. However, entities in the isA hierarchy of the CRM may by specialised into any number of sub entities, which can be defined in the type hierarchy (E55). E51 Contact Point, for example, may be specialised into "e-mail address", "telephone number", "post office box", "URL" etc. none of which figures explicitly in the CRM hierarchy. Sub typing obviously requires consistency between the meaning of the terms assigned and the more general intent of the CRM entity in question.

Examples:

www.cidoc.icom.org (E51) has type URL (E55)

P3 has note

Domain:

Range:

Cardinality:

1;many

Scope Note:

The "has note" property is a container for all informal descriptions about an object that cannot be expressed in terms of CRM constructs. In particular it captures the characterisation of the item itself, its internal structures, appearance etc.Like property P2, "has type", this property is a consequence of the restricted focus of the CRM. The aim is not to capture, in a structured form, everything that can be said about an item; indeed, the CRM formalism is not regarded as sufficient to express everything that can be said. Good practice requires use of distinct note fields for different aspects of a characterisation. The P2 "has type" property of "has note" allows differentiation of specific notes, e.g. "construction", "decoration" etc. An item may have many notes, but a note is attached to a specific item.

Examples:

Coffee mug - OXCMS:1983.1.1 (E19) has note chipped at edge of handle (E62) has type Condition (E55)

P3.1 has type

Domain:

P3 has note

Range:

Cardinality:

Scope Note:
Examples:

P4 has time-span (is time-span of)

Domain:

E2 Temporal Entity

Range:

Cardinality:

many:1

Scope Note:

This property describes the temporal confinement of an instance of a E2 Temporal Entity. The related time-span is understood as the real time-span during which the phenomena were active, which make up the temporal entity instance. It does not convey any other meaning than a positioning on the "time-line" of chronology. The time-span in turn is approximated by a set of dates (E61 Time Primitive). A temporal entity can have in reality only one time-span, but there may exist alternative opinions about it, which we would express by assigning multiple time-spans. Related temporal entities may share a time-span. Time-spans may have completely unknown dates but other descriptions by which we can infer knowledge.

Examples:

The Yalta Conference (E7) has time-span Yalta Conference time-span (E52), ongoing throughout 11 February 1945 (E61)

P5 consists of (forms part of)

Domain:

Range:

Cardinality:

1: many

Scope Note:

This property describes the decomposition of a condition state into discrete, subsidiary states. It is assumed that the sub-states into which the condition state is analysed form a logical whole - although the entire story may not be completely known - and that the sub-states are in fact constitutive of the general condition state. For example, a general condition state of "in ruins" may be decomposed into the individual stages of decay

Examples:

Ruination of theTower of Babylon (E3) consists of wind-erosion phase (E3)

P7 took place at (witnessed)

Domain:

Range:

E9 Move. P27 moved from (was origin of)
E9 Move. P26 moved to (was destination of)

Superclass of:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:

This property describes the spatial location of an instance of a period. The related place should be seen as an approximation of the geographical area within which the phenomena that characterise the period in question occurred. "Took place at" does not convey any meaning other than spatial positioning (generally on the surface of the earth). For example, the period "Revolution francaise" can be said to have taken place in "France", the "Victorian" period, may be said to have taken place in Britain and its colonies, as well as other parts of Europe and north America.A period can take place at multiple locations.

Examples:

The period "Revolution francaise" (E4) took place at France (E53)

P8 took place on or within (witnessed)

Domain:

Range:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:

This property describes the location of a period with respect to a physical object.P8 is a short-cut of a path defining a place with respect to the geometry of an object. cf. E46 Section Definition.This property is in effect a special case of P7 "took place at". It describes a period that can be located with respect to the space defined by a physical object such as a ship or a building. The precise geographical location of the object during the period in question may be unknown or unimportant. For example, the French and German armistice of 22 June 1940 was signed in the same railway carriage as the armistice of 11 November 1918.

Examples:

The coronation of Queen Elizabeth II (E7) took place on or within Westminster Abbey (E19)

P9 consists of (forms part of)

Domain:

Range:

Cardinality:

1:many

Scope Note:	This property describes the decomposition of a period into discrete, subsidiary periods.The sub-periods into which the period is decomposed form a logical whole - although the entire picture may not be completely known - and the sub-periods are constitutive of the general period.
Examples:	Cretan Bronze Age (E4) consists of Middle Minoan (E4)

P10 falls within (contains)

Domain:

Range:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:	This property describes a period, which falls within the place and time-span of another. The difference with P9 "consists of" is subtle. Unlike P9, P10 does not imply any logical connection between the two periods and it may refer to a period of a completely different type.
Examples:	The Great Plague (E4) falls within The Gothic period (E4)

P11 had participant (participated in)

Domain:

E5 Event

Range:

E5 Event. P12 occurred in the presence of (was present at)

Subclass of:

Superclass of:

E7 Activity. P14 carried out by (performed)
E66 Formation Event. P95 has formed (was formed by)
E67 Birth. P96 by mother (gave birth)
E68 Dissolution. P99 dissolved (was dissolved by)

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:	This property describes the active or passive participation of actors in an event. It connects the life-line of the related actor with the place and date of the event. The property implies that the actor was involved in the event but does not imply any causal relationship. The subject of a portrait can be said to have participated in the creation of the portrait.
Examples:	Napoleon (E21) participated in The Battle of Waterloo (E7)OrMaria (E21) participated in Photographing of Maria (E7)

P12 occurred in the presence of (was present at)

Domain:

E5 Event

Range:

E77 Persistent Item

Superclass of:

E7 Activity. P16 used specific object (was used for)
E9 Move. P25 moved (moved by)
E10 Transfer of Custody. P30 transferred custody of (custody changed by)
E11 Modification Event. P33 used specific technique (was used by)
E11 Modification Event. P31 has modified (was modified by)
E5 Event. P11 had participant (participated in)
E63 Beginning of Existence. P92 brought into existence (was brought into existence by)
E64 End of Existence. P93 took out of existence (was taken out of existence by)

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:	This property describes the active or passive presence of a persistent item in an event without implying any specific role. It connects the history of a thing with the place and date of an event. For example, an object may be the desk, now in a museum on which a treaty was signed. The presence of an immaterial thing implies the presence of at least one of its carriers.
Examples:	Deckchair 42 (E19) was present at The sinking of the Titanic (E5)

P13 destroyed (was destroyed by)

Domain:

E6 Destruction

Range:

E64 End of Existence. P93 took out of existence (was taken out of existence by)

Subclass of:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:

This property allows specific objects that have been destroyed to be related to a destruction event. Destruction implies the end of an object's life as a subject of cultural documentation - the physical matter of which the object was composed may in fact continue to exist. A destruction event may be contiguous with a creation event that brings into existence a derived object composed partly of matter from the destroyed object.

Examples:

The Tay Bridge Disaster (E6) destroyed The Tay Bridge (E22)

P14 carried out by (performed)

Domain:

Range:

E5 Event. P11 had participant (participated in)

Subclass of:

Superclass of:

E8 Acquisition Event. P23 transferred title from (surrendered title of)
E8 Acquisition Event. P22 transferred title to (acquired title of)
E10 Transfer of Custody. P29 custody recieved by (recieved custody)
E10 Transfer of Custody. P28 custody surrendered by (surrendered custody)

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:	This property describes the active participation of an actor in an activity. It implies causal or legal responsibility The "in the role of" property of the property allows the nature of an actor's participation to be specified.
Examples:	The painting of the Sistine Chapel (E7) was carried out by Michaelangelo Buonaroti (E21) in the role of master craftsman (E55)

P14.1 in the role of

Domain:

P14 carried out by (performed)

Range:

Cardinality:

Scope Note:
Examples:

P15 was influenced by (influenced)

Domain:

Range:

E7 Activity. P16 used specific object (was used for)
E7 Activity. P19 was intended use of (was made for)
E7 Activity. P134 continued (was continued by)
E11 Modification Event. P33 used specific technique (was used by)
E7 Activity. P20 had specific purpose (was purpose of)
E7 Activity. P17 was motivated by (motivated)
E83 Type Creation. P136 was based on (supported type creation)

Superclass of:

Cardinality:

Scope Note:
Examples:

P16 used specific object (was used for)

Domain:

Range:

E5 Event. P12 occurred in the presence of (was present at)
E7 Activity. P15 was influenced by (influenced)

Subclass of:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:

This property describes the use of material or immaterial things in a way essential to the performance or the outcome of an activity. This property typically applies to tools, instruments, moulds, raw materials and items embedded in a product. It implies that the presence of the object in question was a necessary condition for the action. For example, the activity of writing this text required the use of a computer. An immaterial thing can be used if at least one of its carriers is present. For example, the software tools on a computer.

Examples:

The writing of this scope note (E7) used Nicholas Crofts' computer (E22)

P16.1 mode of use

Domain:

P16 used specific object (was used for)

Range:

Cardinality:

Scope Note:
Examples:

P17 was motivated by (motivated)

Domain:

Range:

E7 Activity. P15 was influenced by (influenced)

Subclass of:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:	This property describes an item or items that can be regarded as constituting the reason for carrying out the activity. For example, the discovery of a large hoard of treasure may call for a celebration, the legend of Troy may lead to archaeological excavation, the collapse of a bank may lead to calls for financial reforms, an order from head quarters can start a military manoeuvre.
Examples:

P19 was intended use of (was made for)

Domain:

E7 Activity. P15 was influenced by (influenced)

Range:

E71 Man-Made Stuff

Subclass of:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:

This property relates an activity with objects created specifically for use in the activity. This is distinct from the intended use of an item in some general type of activity such as a wedding dress, which is intended for use in weddings (see P101 had as general use). P19 differs from P18 in that objects related through P19 are intended specifically for use in an activity whereas P18 requires only that they be created with a specific event in mind. Examples are items made for a specific celebration, like a royal wedding, an Egyptian burial, making of a movie etc.

Examples:

P19.1 mode of use

Domain:

P19 was intended use of (was made for)

Range:

Cardinality:

Scope Note:
Examples:

P20 had specific purpose (was purpose of)

Domain:

Range:

E7 Activity. P15 was influenced by (influenced)

Subclass of:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:

This property describes an intentional relationship between two activities. This may involve activities in preparation for other activities, or orders and other organisational activities which lead to some other specific activity. One activity is seen as the cause for the other. For example, a musician practices an instrument in preparation for a concert, Van Eyck ground pigments and prepared oil paints in order to paint the Ghent alter piece. I travel to Oxford in order to work with my colleague on this document. E7 does not imply that an activity succeeded in achieving its aims. Dubious accounting practices may be carried out with the specific purpose of enhancing share values and enabling a take-over bid. The specific purpose remains the same even if the strategy fails and the company goes bankrupt instead.

Examples:

P21 had general purpose (was purpose of)

Domain:

Range:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:

This property describes an intentional relationship between an activity and some general goal or purpose. This may involve activities intended as preparation for some class of activity. For example, a musician practices an instrument in order to develop his or her musical ability, Van Eyck ground pigments and prepared oil paints in order to paint oil paintings. I travel to Oxford in order to work more effectively face-to-face rather than by email and telephone. P21 differs from P20 in that no specific activity is implied as the purpose. E7 does not imply that an activity succeeds in achieving its general aims.

Examples:

Van Eyck's pigment grinding (E7) had general purpose painting (E55)

P22 transferred title to (acquired title of)

Domain:

E8 Acquisition Event

Range:

Subclass of:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:	This property identifies the actor that acquire the legal ownership of an object as a result of an acquisition event. The property will typically describe a (legal) person purchasing an object or acquiring it through legal fieldwork.
Examples:	Acquisition of the Amoudrouz collection by the Geneva Ethnography Museum (E8) transferred title to Geneva Ethnography Museum (E74)

P23 transferred title from (surrendered title of)

Domain:

E8 Acquisition Event

Range:

Subclass of:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:	This property identifies the actors who relinquish legal ownership as the result of an acquisition event. The property will typically be used to describe a person donating or selling an object to a museum
Examples:	Acquisition of the Amoudrouz collection by the Geneva Ethnography Museum (E8) transferred title from Heirs of Amoudrouz (E74)

P24 transferred title of (changed ownership by)

Domain:

E8 Acquisition Event

Range:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:	This property identifies the physical object(s) involved in an acquisition.
Examples:	Acquisition of the Amoudrouz collection by the Geneva Ethnography Museum (E8) transferred title of Amoudrouz Collection (E78)

P25 moved (moved by)

Domain:

E9 Move

Range:

E5 Event. P12 occurred in the presence of (was present at)

Subclass of:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:	This property identifies the physical object that is moved during a move event. The property implies the object's passive participation. For example, Monet's painting "Impression sunrise" was moved for the first Impressionist exhibition in 1870.
Examples:	"Impression sunrise" (E22) moved by preparations for the First Impressionist Exhibition (E9)

P26 moved to (was destination of)

Domain:

E9 Move

Range:

E4 Period. P7 took place at (witnessed)

Subclass of:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:	This property identifies the destination of a move. A move will be linked to a destination, such as the move of an artefact from storage to display. A move may be linked to many terminal places. In this case the move describes a distribution of a set of objects. The area of the move includes the origin, route and destination.
Examples:	The movement of the Tutenkhamun Exhibition (E9) moved to The British Museum (E53)

P27 moved from (was origin of)

Domain:

E9 Move

Range:

E4 Period. P7 took place at (witnessed)

Subclass of:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:	This property identifies the starting place of a move. A move will be linked to an origin, such as the move of an artefact from storage to display. A move may be linked to many origins. In this case the move describes the picking up of a set of objects. The area of the move includes the origin, route and destination.
Examples:	The movement of the Tutenkhamun Exhibition (E9) moved from The Cairo Museum (E53)

P28 custody surrendered by (surrendered custody)

Domain:

E10 Transfer of Custody

Range:

Subclass of:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:

This property identifies the actors who surrender custody of an object as a result of a transfer of custody event. It implies property P14 carried out by and thus states that the actors actively take part in the process and are responsible in a legal sense. The property will typically describe a (legal) person surrendering custody of an object when it is handed over to someone else's care. On occasion, physical custody may be surrendered involuntarily - through accident, loss or theft.For example, Matthew Stiff surrendered custody of his hat, coat and laptop to the cloakroom attendant of the British Museum. The "secure deliveries" crew surrendered custody of the paintings to representatives of the auction house.

Examples:

P29 custody recieved by (recieved custody)

Domain:

E10 Transfer of Custody

Range:

Subclass of:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:

This property identifies the actors who receive custody of an object as a result of a transfer of custody event. It implies property P14 carried out by and thus states that the actors actively take part in the process (activity E7) and are responsible in a legal sense. The property will typically describe a (legal) person receiving custody of an object when it is handed over from someone else's care. On occasion, physical custody may be received involuntarily or illegally - through accident, unsolicited donation, or theft.For example: The British Museum receives custody of Mathew Stiff's hat, coat and laptop when he hands them to the cloakroom attendant. The "secure deliveries" crew receives custody of the paintings from a representative of the auction house.

Examples:

P30 transferred custody of (custody changed by)

Domain:

E10 Transfer of Custody

Range:

E5 Event. P12 occurred in the presence of (was present at)

Subclass of:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:

This property identifies the physical object concerned in a transfer of custody event. The property will typically describe the object that is handed over by someone to another actor's custody. For example, during a recent visit the British Museum Matthew Stiff hands his hat, coat and laptop to the cloakroom attendant, thereby transferring custody of these personal effects. The "secure deliveries" crew completes its delivery to the auction house during which custody for a number of paintings is transferred.

Examples:

P31 has modified (was modified by)

Domain:

E11 Modification Event

Range:

E5 Event. P12 occurred in the presence of (was present at)

Subclass of:

Superclass of:

E12 Production Event. P108 has produced (was produced by)
E79 Part Addition. P110 added to (was augmented by)
E80 Part Removal. P112 removed from (was diminished by)

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:	This property identifies the physical man made stuff that has been modified as a result of a modification event. If a modification is applied to a non-man-made object, it is regarded as a man-made object from that time onwards. For example, an act of engraving has modified the trophy, by adding a new inscription.
Examples:

P32 used general technique (was technique of)

Domain:

E11 Modification Event

Range:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:	This property identifies the technique that was employed in an act of modification. These techniques should be drawn from an external type hierarchy of consistent terminology of general techniques such as embroidery, oil-painting, etc. Specific techniques may be further described as instances of E29 Design or Procedure.
Examples:	Ornamentation of silver cup 113 (E11) used general technique gold-plating (E55) (Design or Procedure Type)

P33 used specific technique (was used by)

Domain:

E11 Modification Event

Range:

E5 Event. P12 occurred in the presence of (was present at)
E7 Activity. P15 was influenced by (influenced)

Subclass of:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:

This property identifies the specific design or procedure that was used in connection with a modification event. Modification may be carried out in order to ensure the preservation of an object and not just as part of the creative process. The property differs from P32 in that the design or procedure referred to is specific and documented rather than simply being a term in the type hierarchy. Typical examples would include intervention plans for conservation.

Examples:

E11 'ornamentation of silver cup 232 ' used specific technique E29 'Instructions for golden chase work by A N Other'

P34 concerned (was assessed by)

Domain:

E14 Condition Assessment

Range:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:	This property identifies the Physical Stuff that was assessed during a Condition Assessment activity. Conditions may be assessed eitherby direct observation or using recorded evidence. In the latter case the Physical Stuff does need to be present or extant.
Examples:	1997 condition assessment of the silver collection (E14) concerned silver cup 232 (E22)

P35 has identified (identified by)

Domain:

E14 Condition Assessment

Range:

E15 Identifier Assignment

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:	This property identifies the Condition State that was observed as a result of a Condition Assessment activity.
Examples:	1997 condition assessment of silver cup 232 (E14) has identified oxidation traces were present in 1997 (E3) has type oxidation traces (E55)

P36 registered (was registered by)

Domain:

Range:

E15 Identifier Assignment

Cardinality:

many:1

Scope Note:	This property indicates the physical object to which an identifier is assigned.P47 is identified by - a property of a Physical Object - is a short cut of the fully developed path from E19 through E15 to E42 Object identifier.
Examples:	01 June 1997 Identifier Assignment of the silver cup donated by Martin Doerr (E15) registered silver cup 232 (E19)

P37 assigned (was assigned by)

Domain:

Range:

E15 Identifier Assignment

Cardinality:

many:1

Scope Note:	This property records the identifier that was assigned to an object as a result of an Identifier Assignment activity.P47 is identified by - a property of a Physical Object - is a short cut of the fully developed path from E19 through E15 to E42 Object identifier. The same identifier may be assigned on more than one occasion.
Examples:	01 June 1997 Identifier Assignment of the silver cup donated by Martin Doerr (E15) assigned 232 (E42)

P38 deassigned (was deassigned by)

Domain:

Range:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:	This property records the identifier that was deassigned from an object.Deassignment of an identifier may be necessary when an object is taken out of an inventory, a new numbering system is introduced or objects are merged or split up. The same identifier may be deassigned on more than one occasion.
Examples:	31 July 2001 Identifier Assignment of the silver cup OXCMS:2001.1.32 (E15) deassigned 232 (E42)

P39 measured (was measured by)

Domain:

E16 Measurement Event

Range:

Cardinality:

many:1

Scope Note:	This property records the Stuff that was the subject of an act of Measurement.Stuff may be measured more than once. Both material and immaterial Stuff may be measured: for example the number of words in a text.
Examples:	31 August 1997 measurement of height of silver cup 232 (E16) measured silver cup 232 (E22)

P40 observed dimension (was observed)

Domain:

E16 Measurement Event

Range:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:

This property records the dimension that was observed as a result of a Measurement activity.Dimension can be any quantifiable aspect of Stuff. Weight, image colour depth and monetary value are dimensions in this sense. One Measurement activity may determine more than one Dimension of one object.Dimensions may be determined either by direct observation or using recorded evidence. In the latter case the Physical Stuff does need to be present or extant.

Examples:

31 August 1997 measurement of height of silver cup 232 (E16) observed dimension silver cup 232 height (E54) unit mm (E58), value 224 (E60)

P41 classified (was classified by)

Domain:

E17 Type Assignment

Range:

Cardinality:

many:1

Scope Note:	This property records the item to which a type was assigned as a result of a Type Assignment activity. Any instance of a CRM entity may be assigned a type through type assignment. Type assignment events allow a more detailed path for assigning types to objects compared to the shortcut offered by P2 has type.
Examples:	31 August 1997 classification of silver cup 232 (E17) classified silver cup 232 (E22)

P42 assigned (was assigned by)

Domain:

E17 Type Assignment

Range:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:	This property records the type that was assigned to an entity by a Type Assignment activity. For example, a fragment of an antique vessel could be assigned the type "attic red figured belly handled amphora" by expert A. The same fragment could be assigned the type "shoulder handled amphora" by expert B.
Examples:	31 August 1997 classification of silver cup 232 (E17) assigned goblet (E55)

P43 has dimension (is dimension of)

Domain:

Range:

Cardinality:

1:many

Scope Note:	This property records a Dimension of some Stuff. It is a shortcut of the more fully developed path through E16 measurement. It offers no information about how and when a dimension was established, nor by whom. An instance of Dimension is specific to an instance of Stuff.
Examples:	silver cup 232 (E22) has dimension height of silver cup 232 (E54) unit mm (E58), value 224 (E60)

P44 has condition (condition of)

Domain:

Range:

Cardinality:

1:many

Scope Note:	This property records a Condition State for some Physical Stuff.It is a shortcut of the more fully developed path from E18 through E14 condition assessment to E3. It offers no information about how and when the Condition State was established, nor by whom. An instance of Condition State is specific to an instance of Physical Stuff.
Examples:	Silver cup 232 (E22) has condition oxidation traces were present in 1997 (E3) has type oxidation traces (E55)

P45 consists of (is incorporated in)

Domain:

Range:

E57 Material

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:	This property identifies the materials of which an instance of Physical Stuff is composed.All physical things consist of physical materials. P45 allows the different materials to be recorded. "Consists of" refers here to observed material as opposed to the consumed raw material.
Examples:	silver cup 232 (E22) consists of silver (E57)

P46 is composed of (forms part of)

Domain:

Range:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:

The property allows instances of Physical Stuff to be analysed into component elements.Component elements, since they are themselves items of Physical Stuff, may be further analysed into sub-components, thereby creating a hierarchy of part decomposition.An instance of Physical Stuff may be shared between multiple wholes, for example two buildings may share a common wall.This property is intended to describe specific components that are individually documented, rather than general aspects. Overall descriptions of the structure of an instance of Physical Stuff are captured by the has note property.The materials of which an item of physical stuff is composed should be documented using P45 consists of.

Examples:

Nick's 'cello is composed of a neck, four strings, a body, a bridge, a tailpiece, a soundpost, and a spike. The Royal carriage forms part of the Royal train. The "Hog's Back" forms part of the "Fosseway"

P47 is identified by (identifies)

Domain:

Range:

Subclass of:

E19 Physical Object. P48 has preferred identifier (is preferred identifier of)

Superclass of:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:

This property records the Object Identifier used for a particular instance of Physical Object.It is intended primarily for museum identification numbers, such as object numbers, inventory numbers, registration numbers or accession* numbers.* (Note that the identification of the acquisition event is sometimes mistaken for the identification of the acquired objects themselves).P47 is a sub-property of P1 identifies. The range of P47 is restricted to E42 Object Identifier. The property is a shortcut that associates an object identifier directly with an object. It says nothing about when and where an object identifier was assigned, nor by whom.A more detailed representation can be made using the fully developed (i.e. indirect) path from E19 Physical Object through E15 Identifier Assignment to E42 Object Identifier.

Examples:

The silver cup donated by Martin Doerr (E22) is identified by object number OXCMS:2001.1.32 (E42)

P48 has preferred identifier (is preferred identifier of)

Domain:

Range:

E19 Physical Object. P47 is identified by (identifies)

Subclass of:

Cardinality:

many:1

Scope Note:

This property records the preferred Object Identifier that is currently used to identify the Physical Object.More than one preferred identifier may have been assigned to an object during its history.Use of this property requires an external mechanism for assigning temporal validity to the respective CRM instance.P48, like P47 is a shortcut for the path from E19 Physical Object through E15 Identifier Assignment to E42 Object Identifier.

Examples:

The silver cup donated by Martin Doerr (E22) has preferred identifier OXCMS:2001.1.32 (E42)

P49 has former or current keeper (is former or current keeper of)

Domain:

Range:

E18 Physical Stuff. P50 has current keeper (is current keeper of)

Superclass of:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:	This property identifies the person, group or organisation that is or has been responsible for an object at some time. The distinction with P50 is that P49 leaves open the question as to whether the specified keepers are current. P49 is a shortcut for the more detailed path from E19 Physical Object through E10 Transfer of Custody to E39 Actor.
Examples:

P50 has current keeper (is current keeper of)

Domain:

Range:

E18 Physical Stuff. P49 has former or current keeper (is former or current keeper of)

Subclass of:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:

This property records the person, group or organisation that is currently responsible for an object. The distinction with P49 is that P50 specifies that the keepers are current. Use of this property requires an external mechanism for assigning temporal validity to the respective CRM instance.P50 is a shortcut for the more detailed path from E19 Physical Object through E10 Transfer of Custody to E39 Actor.

Examples:

P51 has former or current owner (is former or current owner of)

Domain:

Range:

E18 Physical Stuff. P52 has current owner (is current owner of)

Superclass of:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:

This property identifies the person, group or organisation that is or has been the owner of an instance of Physical Stuff at some time.The distinction with P52 is that P51 leaves open the question as to whether the specified owners are current. P51 is a shortcut for the more detailed path from E18 Physical Stuff through E8 Acquisition to E39 Actor.Example. A member of staff at the Germanisches Nationalmuseum is the former or current owner of negatives of photographs taken towards.

Examples:

Silver cup 232 (E22) has former or current owner Martin Doerr (E21)

P52 has current owner (is current owner of)

Domain:

Range:

E18 Physical Stuff. P51 has former or current owner (is former or current owner of)

Subclass of:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:

This property identifies the person, group or organisation that is the current owner of an instance of Physical Stuff.Use of this property requires an external mechanism for assigning temporal validity to the respective CRM instance.P52 is a shortcut for the more detailed path from E18 Physical Stuff through E8 Acquisition to E39 Actor, if and only if this Acquisition event is the most recent.Example. Siegfried Krause is the current owner of some expensive and highly colourful photographs taken by some as yet unidentified colleagues during an eventful staff party at the Germanisches Nationalmuseum.

Examples:

Silver cup 232 (E22) has current owner Oxfordshire County Museum Service (E40)

P53 has former or current location (is former or current location of)

Domain:

Range:

E19 Physical Object. P55 has current location (currently holds)

Superclass of:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:

This property allows an instance of Place to be associated as the location of a Physical Object.The property does not allow any indication of the time-span during which the Physical Object was located at this Place, nor if this is the current location.In the case of immobile objects, the Place should correspond to the place of creation.P53 is a shortcut. A more detailed representation can make use of the fully developed (i.e. indirect) path from E18 Physical Stuff through E9 Move to E53 Place.Example: Tony Gill's former or current location is in Cambridge, UK.

Examples:

Silver cup 232 (E22) has former or current location Display Case 4, Room 23, Museum of Oxford (E53)

P54 has current permanent location (is current permanent location of)

Domain:

Range:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:

This property records the permanent location of an instance of Physical Object.P54 is similar to P55 has current location. However, it also indicates that it is the Place where the object is normally expected to be, such as the permanent storage location or a permanent exhibit location. The object may be temporarily removed from the permanent location, for example when used in temporary exhibitions or loaned to another institution. The object may never actually be located at it's permanent location.Use of this property requires an external mechanism for assigning temporal validity to the respective CRM instance.

Examples:

Silver cup 232 (E22) has current permanent location Shelf 3.1, Store 2, Museum of Oxford (E53)

P55 has current location (currently holds)

Domain:

Range:

E18 Physical Stuff. P53 has former or current location (is former or current location of)

Subclass of:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:

The property records the current location of a Physical Object.This property is a specialisation of P53 has former or current location. It indicates that the Place associated with the Physical Object is the current location of the object. The property does not allow any indication of how long the Object has been at the current location. P55 is a shortcut. A more detailed representation can make use of the fully developed (i.e. indirect) path from E19 Physical Object through E9 Move to E53 Place if and only if the respective Move is the most recent. Use of this property requires an external mechanism for assigning temporal validity to the respective CRM instance.

Examples:

Silver cup 232 (E22) has current location Display cabinet 23, Room 4, British Museum (E53)

P56 bears feature (is found on)

Domain:

Range:

E26 Physical Feature

Cardinality:

1:many

Scope Note:

This property describes a Physical Feature found on a Physical Object. It does not specify the location of the feature on the object.P56 is a shortcut. A more detailed representation can make use of the fully developed (i.e. indirect) path from E19 Physical Object through E53 Place to E26 Physical Feature.A physical feature can only exist on one object. One object may bear more than one physical feature. A Site should be considered as a Physical Feature on the surface of the Earth.

Examples:

silver cup 232 (E22) bears feature 32 mm scratch on silver cup 232 (E26)

P57 has number of parts

Domain:

Range:

E60 Number

Cardinality:

many:1

Scope Note:

This property documents the Number of parts of which an instance of Physical Object is composed.This may be used as a method of checking inventory counts with regard to aggregate or collective objects.What constitutes a part or component depends on the context and requirements of the documentation. Normally, the parts documented in this way would not be considered as worthy of individual attention.For a more complete description, objects may be decomposed into their components and constituents using P46 is composed of and P45 consists of. This allows each element to be described individually.

Examples:

Chess set 233 (E22) has number of parts 33 (E60)

P58 has section definition (defines section)

Domain:

Range:

E46 Section Definition

Cardinality:

1:many

Scope Note:

This property links an area (section) named by a Section Definition to the instance of Physical Stuff upon which it is found.The CRM handles sections as locations (instances of E53 Place) within or on Physical Stuff that are identified by Section Definitions. Sections need not be discrete and separable components or parts of an object.This is part of an indirection that allows a more precise definition of a location found on an object than the shortcut P59.A particular instance of a Section Definition only applies to one instance of Physical Stuff.

Examples:

HMS Victory (E22) has section definition poop deck of HMS Victory (E46)

P59 has section (is located on or within)

Domain:

Range:

Cardinality:

1:many

Scope Note:

This property links an area to the instance of Physical Stuff upon which it is found.It is typically used when a named Section Definition is not appropriate.Physical Stuff may be subdivided into arbitrary regions. P59 is a shortcut. If the Place is identified by a Section Definition, a more detailed representation can make use of the fully developed (i.e. indirect) path from E70 Physical Stuff through E46 Section Definition to E53 Place.A Place can only be located on or within one Physical Object.

Examples:

HMS Victory (E22) has section HMS Victory section B347.6 (E53)

P62 depicts (is depicted by)

Domain:

Range:

P62 depicts (is depicted by)

Cardinality:

Scope Note:
Examples:

P62.1 mode of depiction

Domain:

Range:

Cardinality:

Scope Note:
Examples:

P65 shows visual item (is shown by)

Domain:

Range:

E36 Visual Item

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:

This property documents a Visual Item shown by an instance of Physical Man-Made Stuff.This property is similar to P62 depicts in that it associates an item of Physical Man-Made Stuff with a visual representation. However, P65 shows visual item differs from the P62 depicts property in that it makes no claims about what the Visual Item is deemed to represent. E36 Visual Item identifies a recognisable image or visual symbol, regardless of what this image may or may not represent.For example, all recent British coins bear a portrait of Queen Elizabeth II, a fact that is correctly documented using P62 depicts. Different portraits have been used at different periods, however. P65 shows visual item can be used to refer to a particular portrait.P65 shows visual item may also be used for visual items such as signs, marks and symbols, for example the 'Maltese Cross' or the 'copyright symbol' that have no particular representational content.

Examples:

The cover of my book on Monet (E24) shows visual item "Impression Sunrise" (E36)

P67 refers to (is referred to by)

Domain:

E73 Information Object

Range:

E36 Visual Item. P138 visualizes (has visualization)
E31 Document. P70 documents (is documented in)
E32 Authority Document. P71 lists (is listed in)
E73 Information Object. P129 is about (is subject of)

Superclass of:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:	An Information Object may refer to any other CRM Entity.This property documents that an Information Object makes a statement about an instance of a CRM Entity.P67 has the P67.1 has type property to an instance of E55 Type. This is intended to allow a more detailed description of the type of reference.
Examples:	The eBay auction listing for 4 July 2002 (E73) refers to silver cup 232 (E22) has type auction listing (E55)

P67.1 has type

Domain:

P67 refers to (is referred to by)

Range:

Cardinality:

Scope Note:
Examples:

P68 usually employs (is usually employed by)

Domain:

Range:

E57 Material

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:

This property describes a Material usually employed in a Design or Procedure. Designs and procedures commonly employ particular materials. The fabrication of adobe bricks, for example, requires straw, clay and water. This property enables this to be documented.This property is not intended for the documentation of materials that were required on a particular occasion when a design or procedure was executed.

Examples:

Procedure for soda glass manufacture (E29) usually employs soda (E57)

P69 is associated with

Domain:

Range:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:	This property describes the association of Designs or Procedures with other Designs or Procedures.Any instance of E29 Design or Procedure may be associated with other designs or procedures. The nature of the association may be whole-part, sequence, prerequisite etc.The property is assumed to be entirely reciprocal.
Examples:	Procedure for glass blowing (E29) is associated with procedure for glass heating (E29)

P70 documents (is documented in)

Domain:

E31 Document

Range:

E73 Information Object. P67 refers to (is referred to by)

Subclass of:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:	This property describes the CRM Entities documented by instances of Documents.Documents may describe any conceivable entity, hence the property to the highest-level entity in the CRM hierarchy.This property is intended for cases where a reference is regarded as being of a documentary character, in the scholarly or scientific sense.
Examples:	The British Museum catalogue (E31) documents the British Museum's Collection (E78)

P71 lists (is listed in)

Domain:

E32 Authority Document

Range:

E73 Information Object. P67 refers to (is referred to by)

Subclass of:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:	This property documents a source Authority Document for an instance of a Type.
Examples:	The Art & Architecture Thesaurus (E32) lists alcazars (E55)

P72 has language (is language of)

Domain:

E33 Linguistic Object

Range:

E56 Language

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:	This property describes the Language of a Linguistic Object. Linguistic objects are composed in one or more human languages. This property allows these languages to be documented.
Examples:	The American Declaration of Independence (E33) has language 18th Century English (E56)

P73 has translation (is translation of)

Domain:

E33 Linguistic Object

Range:

E33 Linguistic Object

Subclass of:

E70 Stuff. P130 shows features of (features are also found on)

Cardinality:

1:many

Scope Note:	This property describes the source and target Linguistic Objects involved in a translation.When a Linguistic Object is translated into a new language it becomes a new Linguistic Object, despite being conceptually similar to the source object.
Examples:	"Les Baigneurs" (E33) has translation "The Bathers" (E33)

P74 has current or former residence (is current or former residence of)

Domain:

Range:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:	This property describes the current or former Place of residence of an Actor. The residence may be either the place where the Actor resides, or a legally registered address of any kind.
Examples:	Queen Elizabeth II (E39) has current or former residence Buckingham Palace (E53)

P75 possesses (is possessed by)

Domain:

Range:

E30 Right

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:	This property identifies former or current Rights held by an Actor.
Examples:	Michael Jackson (E21) possesses Intellectual property rights on the Beatles' back catalogue (E30)

P76 has contact point (provides access to)

Domain:

Range:

E51 Contact Point

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:	This property identifies a Contact Point of any type that provides access to an Actor by any communication method, such as e-mail or fax.
Examples:	RLG (E40) has contact point bl.ric@rlg.org (E51)

P78 is identified by (identifies)

Domain:

Range:

E49 Time Appellation

Subclass of:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:	This property identifies a Time-Span using a Time Appellation.
Examples:	The time span 1926 to 1988 (E52) is identified by Showa (Japanese time appellation) (E49)

P79 begins at qualify

Domain:

Range:

Cardinality:

many:1

Scope Note:	This property qualifies the beginning of a Time-Span in some way. The nature of the qualification may be certainty, precision, source etc.
Examples:	The time-span of the Holocene (E52) begins at qualify approximately (E62)

P80 ends at qualify

Domain:

Range:

Cardinality:

many:1

Scope Note:	This property qualifies the end of a Time-Span in some way. The nature of the qualification may be certainty, precision, source etc.
Examples:	The time-span of the Holocene (E52) end at qualify approximately (E62)

P81 ongoing throughout

Domain:

Range:

E61 Time Primitive

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:

This property describes the minimum period of time covered by a Time-Span.Since Time-spans may not have precisely known temporal extents, the CRM supports statements about the minimum and maximum temporal extents of Time-spans. This property allows a Time-span's minimum temporal extent (i.e. it's inner boundary) to be assigned a Time Primitive value. Time Primitives are treated by the CRM as application or system specific date intervals, and are not further analysed.

Examples:

The time-span of the development of the CIDOC CRM (E52) ongoing throughout 1996-2002 (E61)

P82 at some time within

Domain:

Range:

E61 Time Primitive

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:

This property describes the maximum period of time within which a Time-Span falls.Since Time-spans may not have precisely known temporal extents, the CRM supports statements about the minimum and maximum temporal extents of Time-spans. This property allows a Time-span's maximum temporal extent (i.e. it's outer boundary) to be assigned a Time Primitive value. Time Primitives are treated by the CRM as application or system specific date intervals, and are not further analysed.

Examples:

The time-span of the development of the CIDOC CRM (E52) at some time within 1992-infinity (E61)

P83 had at least duration (was minimum duration of)

Domain:

Range:

Cardinality:

many:1

Scope Note:	This property describes the minimum length of time covered by a Time-Span. It allows a Time-span to be associated with a Dimension representing it's minimum duration (i.e. it's inner boundary) independent from the actual beginning and end.
Examples:	The time span of the Battle of Issos 333 B.C.E. (E52) had at least duration Battle of Issos minimum duration (E54) unit day (E58) value 1 (E60)

P84 had at most duration (was maximum duration of)

Domain:

Range:

Cardinality:

many:1

Scope Note:	This property describes the maximum length of time covered by a Time-Span. It allows a Time-span to be associated with a Dimension representing it's maximum duration (i.e. it's outer boundary) independent from the actual beginning and end.
Examples:	The time span of the Battle of Issos 333 B.C.E. (E52) had at most duration Battle of Issos maximum duration (E54) unit day (E58) value 2 (E60)

P86 falls within (contains)

Domain:

Range:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:	This property describes the inclusion relationship between two instances of Time-Span.This property supports the notion that a Time-Span's temporal extent falls within the temporal extent of another Time-Span. It addresses temporal containment only, and no contextual link between the two instances of Time-Span is implied.
Examples:	The time-span of the Apollo 11 moon mission (E52) falls within the time-span of the reign of Queen Elizabeth II (E52)

P87 is identified by (identifies)

Domain:

Range:

E44 Place Appellation

Subclass of:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:	This property identifies a Place using a Place Appellation. Examples of Place Appellations used to identify Places include place names, addresses, spatial co-ordinates etc.
Examples:	The location of the Duke of Wellington's House (E53) is identified by No 1 London (E45)

P88 consists of (forms part of)

Domain:

Range:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:	This property identifies a Place that forms part of another Place.It supports the notion that a Place can be subdivided into one or more constituent parts. It implies both spatial and contextual containment relationships between the two Places.
Examples:	The area covered by the London Borough of Islington in 1976 (E53) forms part of the area covered by Greater London in 1976 (E53)

P89 falls within (contains)

Domain:

Range:

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:	This property identifies Places that fall within the area covered by another Place.It addresses spatial containment only, and no 'whole-part' relationship between the two places is implied.
Examples:	The area covered by the World Heritage Site of Stonehenge (E53) falls within the area of Salisbury Plain (E53)

P90 has value

Domain:

Range:

E60 Number

Cardinality:

many:1

Scope Note:	This property allows a Dimension to be approximated by a Number primitive.
Examples:	Height of silver cup 232 (E54) has value 226 (E60)

P91 unit

Domain:

E63 Beginning of Existence

Range:

E58 Measurement Unit

Cardinality:

many:many

Scope Note:	This property shows the type of unit a dimension was expressed in.
Examples:	Height of silver cup 232 (E54) unit mm (E58)

P92 brought into existence (was brought into existence by)

Domain:

Range:

E77 Persistent Item

Subclass of:

E5 Event. P12 occurred in the presence of (was present at)

Superclass of:

E65 Creation Event. P94 has created (was created by)
E12 Production Event. P108 has produced (was produced by)
E66 Formation Event. P95 has formed (was formed by)
E67 Birth. P98 brought into life (was born)
E81 Transformation. P123 resulted in (was result of)

Cardinality:

1:many

Scope Note:	This property allows a Beginning of Existence event to be linked to the Persistent Item brought into existence by it.It allows a "start" to be attached to any Persistent Item being documented i.e. Stuff (E70), Legal Object (E72), Actor (E39), Appellation (E41), Contact Point (E51) and Type (E55).
Examples:	The birth of Mozart (E67) brought into existence Mozart (E21)

P93 took out of existence (was taken out of existence by)

Domain:

E64 End of Existence

Range:

E77 Persistent Item

Subclass of:

E5 Event. P12 occurred in the presence of (was present at)

Superclass of:

E6 Destruction. P13 destroyed (was destroyed by)
E68 Dissolution. P99 dissolved (was dissolved by)
E69 Death. P100 was death of (died in)
E81 Transformation. P124 transformed (was transformed by)

Cardinality:

1:many

Scope Note:	This property allows an End of Existence event to be linked to the Persistent Item taken out of existence by it.In the case of immaterial things, the End of Existence is considered to take place with the destruction of the last physical carrier.This allows an "end" to be attached to any Persistent Item being documented i.e. Stuff (E70), Legal Object (E72), Actor (E39), Appellation (E41
Examples:	The death of Mozart (E69) took out of existence Mozart (E21)

P94 has created (was created by)

Domain:

E65 Creation Event

Range:

E28 Conceptual Object

Subclass of:

E63 Beginning of Existence. P92 brought into existence (was brought into existence by)

Superclass of:

E83 Type Creation. P135 created type (was created by)

Cardinality:

1:many

Scope Note:	This property allows a conceptual Creation Event to be linked to the Conceptual Object created by it. It represents the act of conceiving the intellectual content of the Conceptual Object. It does not represent the act of creating the first physical carrier of the Conceptual Object. As an example, this is the composition of a poem, not its commitment to paper.
Examples:	The composition of "The Four Friends" by A. A. Milne (E65) has created "The Four Friends" by A. A. Milne (E28)

P95 has formed (was formed by)

Domain:

E66 Formation Event

Range:

E74 Group

Subclass of:

E5 Event. P11 had participant (participated in)
E63 Beginning of Existence. P92 brought into existence (was brought into existence by)

Cardinality:

1:many

Scope Note:	This property links the founding or Formation of a Group with the Group itself.
Examples:	The formation of the CIDOC CRM SIG at the August 2000 CIDOC Board meeting (E66) has formed the CIDOC CRM Special Interest Group (E74)

P96 by mother (gave birth)

Domain:

E67 Birth

Range:

E5 Event. P11 had participant (participated in)

Subclass of:

Cardinality:

many: 1

Scope Note:

This property links a Birth (E67) event (E5) to a Person (E21) as a participant in the role of mother.Note that fathers are not necessarily participants in the birth (see from father (was father for) (P97)). The person being born is linked to the Birth with the property brought into life (was born) (P98).This is not intended for use with general natural history material, only people. There is no explicit method for modelling conception and gestation except by using extensions. This is a sub-property of had participant (participated in) (P11).

Examples:

The birth of Queen Elizabeth II (E67) by mother Queen Mother (E21)

P97 from father (was father for)

Domain:

E67 Birth

Range:

Cardinality:

many: many

Scope Note:

This property links a Birth (E67) event (E67) to a Person (E21) in the role of father.Note that fathers are not seen as necessary participants in the birth, whereas mothers are (see by mother (gave birth) (P96)). The person being born is linked to the birth with the property brought into life (was born) (P98).This is not intended for use with general natural history material, only people. There is no explicit method for modelling conception and gestation except by using extensions. A Birth event is normally (but not always) associated with one father.

Examples:

King George VI (E21) was father for the birth of Queen Elizabeth II (E67)

P98 brought into life (was born)

Domain:

E67 Birth

Range:

E63 Beginning of Existence. P92 brought into existence (was brought into existence by)

Subclass of:

Cardinality:

1: many

Scope Note:	This property links a Birth event to a Person in the role of offspring.Twins, triplets etc. are brought into life by the same Birth event.This is not intended for use with general Natural History material, only people. There is no explicit method for modelling conception and gestation except by using extensions.
Examples:	The Birth of Queen Elizabeth II (E67) brought into life Queen Elizabeth II (E21)

P99 dissolved (was dissolved by)

Domain:

E68 Dissolution

Range:

E74 Group

Subclass of:

E5 Event. P11 had participant (participated in)
E64 End of Existence. P93 took out of existence (was taken out of existence by)

Cardinality:

1: many

Scope Note:	This property links the disbanding or dissolution of a Group to the Group itself.
Examples:	The end of The Hole in the Wall Gang (E68) dissolved The Hole in the Wall Gang (E74)

P100 was death of (died in)

Domain:

E69 Death

Range:

E64 End of Existence. P93 took out of existence (was taken out of existence by)

Subclass of:

Cardinality:

1: many

Scope Note:	This property links a Death event to the Person that died.A Death event may involve multiple people, for example in the case of a battle or disaster.This is not intended for use with general Natural History material, only people.
Examples:	Mozart's death (E69) was death of Mozart (E21)

P101 had as general use (was use of)

Domain:

Range:

Cardinality:

many: many

Scope Note:	This property links an instance of Stuff to a Type of usage.It allows the generic link between things, both physical and immaterial, to methods and techniques of use. Thus it can be asserted that a baseball bat had a general use for sport and a specific use for threatening people during the Great Train Robbery.
Examples:	Tony Gill's Ford Mustang (E22) had as general use transportation (E55)

P102 has title (is title of)

Domain:

E71 Man-Made Stuff

Range:

E35 Title

Subclass of:

P102 has title (is title of)

Cardinality:

many: many

Scope Note:	This property describes the Title applied to an instance of Man-Made Stuff. The Type of Title is assigned in a sub property.The has type property of the has title property enables the relationship between the Title and the stuff to be further clarified, for example, if the title was a given title, a supplied title etc.It allows any man-made material or immaterial thing to be given a Title.
Examples:	The first book of the Old Testament (E33) has title "Genesis" (E35)has type translated (E55)

P102.1 has type

Domain:

Range:

Cardinality:

Scope Note:
Examples:

P103 was intended for (was intention of)

Domain:

E71 Man-Made Stuff

Range:

Cardinality:

many: many

Scope Note:	This property links an instance of Man-Made Stuff to a Type of usage. It creates a property between specific man-made things, both physical and immaterial, to types of intended methods and techniques of use.Note: A property between specific man-made things and a specific use activity should be expressed using P19 was intended use of.
Examples:	This plate (E22) was intended for being destroyed at a wedding reception (E55)

P104 is subject to (applies to)

Domain:

E72 Legal Object

Range:

E30 Right

Cardinality:

many: many

Scope Note:	This property links a particular legal object to the rights to which it is subject.The Right is held by an Actor as described by P75 possesses.
Examples:	Beatles back catalogue (E72) is subject to reproduction right on Beatles back catalogue (E30)

P105 right held by (has right on)

Domain:

E72 Legal Object

Range:

P105 right held by (has right on)

Cardinality:

many: many

Scope Note:	This property identifies the Actor who holds rights to a Legal Object.The has type property of the right held by property enables the relationship between the Legal Object and the Actor to be further clarified.
Examples:	Beatles back catalogue (E73) right held by Michael Jackson (E21)

P105.1 has type

Domain:

Range:

Cardinality:

Scope Note:
Examples:

P106 is composed of (forms part of)

Domain:

E73 Information Object

Range:

E73 Information Object

Cardinality:

many: many

Scope Note:	This property links an Information Object to another Information Object in a part/whole relationship.It allows for the decomposition of an Information Object into component parts, and hence the creation of a nested hierarchy of Information Objects
Examples:	"The love song of J. Alfred Prufrock" (E33) forms part of The Works of T.S. Eliot. (E33)

P107 has current or former member (is current or former member of)

Domain:

E74 Group

Range:

Cardinality:

many: many

Scope Note:	This property relates an Actor to the Group of which he or she is a member.Groups, Legal Bodies and Persons may all be members of groups.
Examples:	Le Corbusier (E21) was member of Bauhaus (E74)

P108 has produced (was produced by)

Domain:

E12 Production Event

Range:

E11 Modification Event. P31 has modified (was modified by)
E63 Beginning of Existence. P92 brought into existence (was brought into existence by)

Subclass of:

Cardinality:

many: many

Scope Note:	This property identifies the Physical Man-Made Stuff that came into existence as a result of a Production event.The identity of an instance of Physical Man-Made Stuff is not defined by its matter, but by its existence as a subject of documentation.A Production event can result in the creation of multiple instances of Physical Man-Made Stuff.
Examples:	The building of Rome (E12) produced the Coliseum (E22)

P109 is curated by (curates)

Domain:

E78 Collection

Range:

Cardinality:

Scope Note:	This property links the Collection to the Actor in charge for maintaining the Collection.
Examples:

P110 added to (was augmented by)

Domain:

E79 Part Addition

Range:

E11 Modification Event. P31 has modified (was modified by)

Subclass of:

Cardinality:

Scope Note:	This property links the activity of part addition to the whole, which is augmented by the new part. As the former changes due to this act, this property is a subproperty of "has modified".
Examples:

P111 added (was added by)

Domain:

E79 Part Addition

Range:

Cardinality:

Scope Note:	This property links the activity of part addition to the unit of Physical Stuff becoming part of the respective whole.
Examples:

P112 removed from (was diminished by)

Domain:

E80 Part Removal

Range: